Keeping water out

When I was at the property the other day taking pictures of the new foundation walls, I wondered how water would be kept from seeping into the inner basement. Although the walls have been poured and seem solid, I know that concrete is porous and water will seep through.  Tom took this picture of the answer.  On each wall, there was a black coating sprayed on, which appears to be a waterproof polymer membrane, and then about an inch of additional material.  This looks to be a type of panel that both protects the wall and membrane from backfill damage and aids the drainage of excess water away from the wall and toward the drainage system.